Movement Disorders & Memory Clinic — Gini Advanced Care Hospital

Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's & Dementia — Specialist Neurology in Mohali

Parkinson's · Tremor · Alzheimer's · Dementia · Cognitive Assessment · Caregiver Support

Gini Advanced Care Hospital, Sector 69, SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab

🧠 DM Neurology specialist🧩 MMSE & MoCA cognitive testing💊 Medication optimisation👴 Geriatric neurology & falls
Medically reviewed by Dr. Iqbal Singh, DM Neurology (DMC Ludhiana), Consultant Neurologist at Gini Advanced Care Hospital. Contributing author: Gurjot Narwal, Founder & CEO, Gini Advanced Care Hospital.

Parkinson's, Alzheimer's & Dementia — Explained

Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's is a progressive condition caused by loss of dopamine-producing brain cells. It produces the classic motor triad — rest tremor, stiffness (rigidity) and slowness (bradykinesia) — alongside balance problems. Medication (levodopa, dopamine agonists) replaces the missing dopamine and can control symptoms well for years. Careful, individualised dose timing is critical to smooth day-to-day function.

Non-motor symptoms — often the hardest part

Parkinson's is more than tremor. Constipation, loss of smell, disturbed sleep, low blood pressure on standing, depression, anxiety and, later, memory changes are common and can affect quality of life more than the movement symptoms. A good neurologist treats the whole person, not just the tremor.

Alzheimer's vs dementia — the distinction

Dementia is a syndrome — a decline in memory and thinking that interferes with daily life. Alzheimer's disease is its most common cause (60–70%). Naming the cause matters because it changes treatment and prognosis.

Lewy body and vascular dementia

Lewy body dementia combines cognitive decline with Parkinson-like movement problems, visual hallucinations and fluctuating alertness. Vascular dementia results from strokes and small-vessel disease; controlling blood pressure, diabetes and cholesterol helps slow it. Distinguishing these guides both drug choice and safety (some dementia patients react badly to certain medications).

Cognitive assessment — MMSE and MoCA

We use validated bedside tests — the MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) and the more sensitive MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) — to measure memory, attention, language and executive function. These, with history and targeted investigations, distinguish dementia from reversible causes of memory loss such as thyroid disease, B12 deficiency, depression and medication effects.

Treatment and caregiver support

For Alzheimer's, cholinesterase inhibitors (e.g. donepezil) and memantine can improve symptoms and slow decline. For Parkinson's, medication timing and physiotherapy are key. Across both, we provide structured caregiver guidance, fall-prevention advice, mood and sleep management, and regular medication reviews — because families are central to good outcomes.

Geriatric neurology — falls, balance and gait

Older patients have unique neurological needs. We assess falls and balance disorders, gait problems (including normal-pressure hydrocephalus — a treatable cause of dementia, gait disturbance and incontinence), peripheral neuropathy in diabetics, and the crucial distinction between delirium (often reversible) and dementia. Co-management with Gini's endocrinology and medicine teams is a real advantage.

When to get assessed

Seek a neurology assessment for a new tremor, increasing slowness or stiffness, repeated falls, or memory changes affecting daily life. Early diagnosis opens the door to the most effective treatment window — and rules out reversible causes that should not be missed.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the first signs of Parkinson's?

The earliest signs are often non-motor and appear years before tremor: loss of sense of smell, constipation, acting out dreams (REM sleep behaviour disorder), and depression. Early motor signs include a rest tremor (often in one hand), stiffness, slowness of movement (bradykinesia), smaller handwriting, reduced arm swing and a softer voice.

Can Parkinson's be cured?

There is no cure yet, but Parkinson's is very treatable. Medications such as levodopa and dopamine agonists dramatically improve movement and quality of life, often for many years. Combined with regular exercise — the most powerful non-drug intervention — most people maintain a good quality of life for a long time after diagnosis.

What is the difference between Alzheimer's and dementia?

Dementia is an umbrella term for a decline in memory and thinking severe enough to affect daily life. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia (60–70% of cases). Other causes include vascular dementia (stroke-related), Lewy body dementia and frontotemporal dementia. Correct identification of the cause guides treatment.

At what age does dementia start?

Dementia mainly affects people over 65, and risk rises with age. However, younger-onset dementia (before 65) does occur. Importantly, not all memory loss is dementia — thyroid problems, vitamin B12 deficiency, depression and certain medications can cause reversible memory issues, which is why assessment matters.

Is there treatment for Alzheimer's?

Yes. Medications (cholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil, and memantine) can improve symptoms and slow decline for a period. Treating vascular risk factors, staying physically and socially active, managing mood and sleep, and structured caregiver support all meaningfully improve quality of life. Early diagnosis allows the most benefit.

How do I care for a parent with Parkinson's or dementia?

Practical steps: establish routines, simplify the home to prevent falls, manage medication timing carefully (crucial in Parkinson's), encourage exercise, plan for safety, and look after your own wellbeing as a carer. Gini provides caregiver guidance, medication reviews and geriatric neurology support — you are not alone in this.

Book a Parkinson's or Memory Assessment in Mohali

Gini Advanced Care Hospital, Sector 69 (Mohali) · OPD Mon–Sat, 9 AM–5 PM · Consultation ₹1,000

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Expert care for Parkinson's & dementia

Book with Dr. Iqbal Singh — accurate diagnosis, medication optimisation and caregiver support for movement and memory disorders.

📞 0172 4120100
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